UNIT 6 世界文學館 9/14~9/16 ★★
Pay It Forward《讓愛傳出去》
by Catherine
Ryan Hyde
as told by Sebastian Morgan
Sep. 14
特雷弗‧麥金尼看起來不太像是有能力改變世界的一個小孩。他就只是個普通的孩子，來自美國加州的某個小鎮。他的媽媽阿琳有酗酒問題，對男人的品味也特別差。他的爸爸拋棄了他們，還留下了一筆債務。
重點是呢，並非有英勇的背景才能成為英雄。
有一天，特雷弗的社會科老師給了學生們一項特殊的作業。他們得設計出一套系統來幫助世界好轉。特雷弗覺得這個想法很有趣，而他在不久後就想出了一個簡單的計畫。他要去尋找三個人，幫助他們改善生活。不過這三個人不必對特雷弗的慷慨相助予以回報，他反而告訴這三個人必須「讓愛傳出去」，他們要再各別幫助其他三個人。特雷弗相信透過鼓勵他人做善事，他就能把世界變得更美好。
Sep. 15
特雷弗緊接著就去幫助三位遭遇困境的人：一名街友、一位孤單的老太太以及他的媽媽。但那名街友被逮捕了，老太太去世了，然後他媽媽只是做出了更多糟糕的決定。這讓特雷弗認定他的計畫失敗了。
不過實際上，特雷弗所做的一切已經產生了重大影響。雖然那三個人的生活並未獲得永久改善，但他們其實有讓愛傳出去。不久之後，他的系統擴散至整個國家。而特雷弗之後就受邀至華盛頓哥倫比亞特區與總統會面。
特雷弗變得很有名，但他對於自己所付出的努力仍感到不滿。他還是覺得他並沒有真正幫助到其他三個人。當他在華盛頓時，他看到了兩名同性戀男子被毆打。他試著幫助他們的過程中被其中一名攻擊者刺傷了。特雷弗不久後身亡。這悲劇打動了世界各地的人。數以萬計的人都開始讓愛傳出去，而世界也因此變成一個更和善的地方。
Sep. 16
自凱薩琳‧雷恩‧海德寫《讓愛傳出去》這本書，時間已經過了20年，而這本書依然是美國最廣受歡迎的青少年小說之一，這是因為故事中有兩個激勵人心的概念。
第一個就是做善事能徹底改變一個人的一生。故事一開頭，特雷弗買食物給那位名為傑瑞的街友，雖然傑瑞之後被逮捕了，特雷弗的善舉卻使得傑瑞的性格有了很大的改變。這點從後面的故事描寫他出獄後拯救一名想要自殺的女子，便能看出。
第二個主題就是任何人都可以成就偉大的事，不一定要是有錢人或是有權力的人。特雷弗雖然出身艱難，然而透過他的決心，他也能改變社會的許多部分。這本書的一開頭便涵蓋了一個重要的啟示：「要改變世界其實無須憑藉太多，可以從成就最平凡的事為要素開始做起。」
UNIT 6 世界文學館 9/14~9/16 ★★
Pay It Forward《讓愛傳出去》
by Catherine
Ryan Hyde
as told by Sebastian Morgan
Sep. 14
Trevor McKinney doesn’t seem like the kind of kid who could
change the world. He’s just an ordinary kid who lives in a
small town in California, US. His mother, Arlene, is an alcoholic with poor
taste in men. His father ran out on them and left them in debt1.
The thing is, you don’t need to come from a heroic background2 to become a hero3.
One day, Trevor’s social studies teacher gives his
class a special project4. They have to
design a system5 that can help change the
world for the better. Trevor thinks this idea is exciting and
he soon comes up with a simple plan. He’ll go out and help three people improve
their lives. The three people don’t have to pay him back for his generosity, though. Instead, he tells them they must “pay it forward”
by helping out three other people. Trevor believes that by encouraging6 people to carry out acts of kindness, he can make the world a better place.
Sep. 15
Trevor immediately1 helps out three
struggling people: a homeless man, a lonely old lady, and his own mother. But
the homeless man is arrested, the old lady passes away, and his mother
makes more bad decisions2. This leads Trevor to believe that his plan
has failed.
In reality3, though, Trevor
has made a difference. Although the three people’s
lives didn’t permanently improve, they did pay forward his kindness. Before
long, his system spreads4 across the
country. Later, Trevor is invited to Washington, D.C., to meet the president.
Trevor becomes famous, but he isn’t satisfied5 with his efforts. He still
believes he hasn’t helped three people in a meaningful6 way. While he’s in
Washington, D.C., he notices two gay men being beaten up. When he tries to save
them, he is stabbed by one of the attackers. Trevor dies shortly after.
The tragedy of his death touches people around the world. Tens of thousands of
people start paying it forward, and the world becomes a much kinder place.
Sep. 16
Over 20 years have passed since Catherine Ryan Hyde
wrote Pay It Forward. It is still one
of the most widely loved young adult books in the US. This is because of
two inspiring ideas within1 the story.
The first of these is that acts of kindness can completely2 change someone’s life.
Early in the book, Trevor buys food for Jerry, the homeless man. Though Jerry
is arrested later on, Trevor’s act of kindness has caused a big change in Jerry’s personality3. We see this
later when he saves a woman from killing herself after he gets out of prison.
The second message4 is that anyone
can achieve5 greatness, not
just the rich and powerful.
Trevor comes from a difficult background. Yet through his determination, he is
able to change large parts of society6. The book’s opening pages include an important
lesson: “You don’t need much to change the entire world for the better. You can
start with the most ordinary ingredients.”
system
systematic
systematically
hero
heroic: courageous/brave
heroically
pay money for something
pay a debt
courage
our
age
c: choose
n.
bravery
be brave
be courageous
encourage
encouragement
encouraging
encouraged
project
projector
project ...onto...
background
ground
ground grounded grounded
back up: root for/support/help/aid/assist
pay sb. back for the debt/money
repay sb. for the money
return money to sb.
for the better 好轉
carry out a plan/dream/project
fulfill
complete
finish
accomplish
carry over something into reality
carry over something into practice
alcohol
alcoholic
adj.
n.
drunkard
generous
generosity
be open-minded
9/15
spread /spread /spread
n. spread
v.s. outbreak
break out
cf.
break up
break into
break through
immediately
at once
promptly
instantly
right now
right away
be satisfied with sb.
be delighted with sb.
be pleased with sb.
be content with sb.
make a decision to do something
determine: judge/decide
make up one's mind to V
resolve
resolution
revolve: go around
move around
involve/cover/contain/include/be made up of
UNIT 6 世界文學館 9/14~9/16 ★★
Pay It Forward《讓愛傳出去》
by Catherine
Ryan Hyde
as told by Sebastian Morgan
Sep. 14
特雷弗‧麥金尼看起來不太像是有能力改變世界的一個小孩。他就只是個普通的孩子，來自美國加州的某個小鎮。他的媽媽阿琳有酗酒問題，對男人的品味也特別差。他的爸爸拋棄了他們，還留下了一筆債務。
重點是呢，並非有英勇的背景才能成為英雄。
有一天，特雷弗的社會科老師給了學生們一項特殊的作業。他們得設計出一套系統來幫助世界好轉。特雷弗覺得這個想法很有趣，而他在不久後就想出了一個簡單的計畫。他要去尋找三個人，幫助他們改善生活。不過這三個人不必對特雷弗的慷慨相助予以回報，他反而告訴這三個人必須「讓愛傳出去」，他們要再各別幫助其他三個人。特雷弗相信透過鼓勵他人做善事，他就能把世界變得更美好。
Sep. 15
特雷弗緊接著就去幫助三位遭遇困境的人：一名街友、一位孤單的老太太以及他的媽媽。但那名街友被逮捕了，老太太去世了，然後他媽媽只是做出了更多糟糕的決定。這讓特雷弗認定他的計畫失敗了。
不過實際上，特雷弗所做的一切已經產生了重大影響。雖然那三個人的生活並未獲得永久改善，但他們其實有讓愛傳出去。不久之後，他的系統擴散至整個國家。而特雷弗之後就受邀至華盛頓哥倫比亞特區與總統會面。
特雷弗變得很有名，但他對於自己所付出的努力仍感到不滿。他還是覺得他並沒有真正幫助到其他三個人。當他在華盛頓時，他看到了兩名同性戀男子被毆打。他試著幫助他們的過程中被其中一名攻擊者刺傷了。特雷弗不久後身亡。這悲劇打動了世界各地的人。數以萬計的人都開始讓愛傳出去，而世界也因此變成一個更和善的地方。
Sep. 16
自凱薩琳‧雷恩‧海德寫《讓愛傳出去》這本書，時間已經過了20年，而這本書依然是美國最廣受歡迎的青少年小說之一，這是因為故事中有兩個激勵人心的概念。
第一個就是做善事能徹底改變一個人的一生。故事一開頭，特雷弗買食物給那位名為傑瑞的街友，雖然傑瑞之後被逮捕了，特雷弗的善舉卻使得傑瑞的性格有了很大的改變。這點從後面的故事描寫他出獄後拯救一名想要自殺的女子，便能看出。
第二個主題就是任何人都可以成就偉大的事，不一定要是有錢人或是有權力的人。特雷弗雖然出身艱難，然而透過他的決心，他也能改變社會的許多部分。這本書的一開頭便涵蓋了一個重要的啟示：「要改變世界其實無須憑藉太多，可以從成就最平凡的事為要素開始做起。」
UNIT 6 世界文學館 9/14~9/16 ★★
Pay It Forward《讓愛傳出去》
by Catherine
Ryan Hyde
as told by Sebastian Morgan
Sep. 14
Trevor McKinney doesn’t seem (to be) like (像; prep.) the kind of kid who could
change the world. He’s just an ordinary kid who lives in a
small town in California, US. His mother, Arlene, is an alcoholic with poor
taste in men. His father ran out on (: deserted) them and left them in debt1.
特雷弗‧麥金尼看起來不太像是有能力改變世界的一個小孩。他就只是個普通的孩子，來自美國加州的某個小鎮。他的媽媽阿琳有酗酒問題，對男人的品味也特別差。他的爸爸拋棄了他們，還留下了一筆債務。
The thing is, you don’t need to come from a heroic background2 to become a hero3.
重點是呢，並非有英勇的背景才能成為英雄。
One day, Trevor’s social studies teacher gives his class a special project (: assignment)4. They have to design (: devise 設計) a system5 that can help change the world for the better. Trevor thinks this idea is exciting and he soon comes up with a simple plan. He’ll go out and help three people improve their lives. The three people don’t have to pay him back for his generosity (: don't have to return him any favor for his open-mindedness), though. Instead, he tells them they must (: have to) “pay it forward” by helping out three other people. Trevor believes that by encouraging6 people to carry out acts of kindness (行善), he can make the world a better place.
有一天，特雷弗的社會科老師給了學生們一項特殊的作業。他們得(: 必須 have to/must)設計出一套系統來幫助世界好轉。特雷弗覺得這個想法很有趣 (: 很刺激 exciting)，而他在不久後就想出了一個簡單的計畫。他要去尋找三個人，幫助他們改善生活。不過這三個人不必對特雷弗的慷慨相助予以回報，他反而告訴這三個人必須「讓愛傳出去」，他們要再各別幫助其他三個人。特雷弗相信透過鼓勵他人做善事，他就能把世界變得更美好。
1. B (change; alter; transform; switch)
2. (ordinary/common/usual 普通的)
3. (an alcoholic 酗酒者)
4. A (with: who had)
5. (in debt 負債中; debt 債務)
段2:
6. (heroic 英勇的 courageous/brave)
7. (background/setting 背景 n.)
8. hero 英雄 n.
段3:
9. project 作業
10. design v. devise 設計
11. (system 系統)
12. (for the better 好轉)
13. (exciting/inspiring/encouraging 刺激的; 鼓舞人的)
cf.
miserable: 悲慘的 tragic
mystery n. 神秘的事物
tragedy n. 悲劇
14. improve 改進 make sth. better
help sb. V 原形 (老美用法)
help sb. to V 原形 (老英用法)
15. (don't have to) + 原形動詞 pay him back for ...
16. pay him back for ...
17. generosity 慷慨
18. by 藉著 + V-ing (encouraging/inspiring/exciting) 鼓勵 sb. to V原形
19. carry out (貫徹; 執行) the act of kindness 善行
20. kindness 仁慈=> charity 善
BAA
Sep. 15
Trevor immediately1 helps out three
struggling people: a homeless man, a lonely old lady, and his own mother. But (: However,/Yet,/Still,) the homeless man is arrested, the old lady passes away, and his mother
makes more bad decisions2. This leads Trevor to believe that his plan
has failed (: suffered/flunked).
特雷弗緊接著就去幫助三位遭遇困境的人：一名街友、一位孤單的老太太以及他的媽媽。但那名街友被逮捕了，老太太去世了，然後他媽媽只是做出了更多糟糕的決定。這讓特雷弗認定他的計畫失敗了。
In reality3, though, Trevor has made a difference. Although (: While) the three people’s lives didn’t permanently (: everlastingly) improve, they did pay forward his kindness (: they did carry out the act of kindness). Before long (: Soon/Shortly), his system spreads4 across the country. Later, Trevor is invited to Washington, D.C., to meet the president.
不過實際上，特雷弗所做的一切已經產生了重大影響。雖然那三個人的生活並未獲得永久改善，但他們其實有讓愛傳出去。不久之後，他的系統擴散至整個國家。而特雷弗之後就受邀至華盛頓哥倫比亞特區與總統會面。
Trevor becomes famous, but he isn’t satisfied (: delighted/pleased)5 with his efforts. He still believes he hasn’t helped three people in a meaningful6 way. While he’s in Washington, D.C., he notices two gay men being beaten up. When he tries to save them (: As he attempts to come to their rescue), he is stabbed by one of the attackers. Trevor dies (: passes on/passes away) shortly after. The tragedy of his death touches (打動) people (: makes people touched or moved) around (: all over/throughout) the world. Tens of thousands of people start paying it forward, and the world becomes a much (: far/still/even/a lot/ a little/ a bit/a little bit) kinder place.
特雷弗變得很有名，但他對於自己所付出的努力仍感到不滿。他還是覺得他並沒有真正(: 有意義地)幫助到其他三個人。當他在華盛頓時，他看到了兩名同性戀男子被毆打。他試著幫助他們的過程中被其中一名攻擊者刺傷了。特雷弗不久後身亡。這悲劇打動了世界各地的人。數以萬計的人都開始讓愛傳出去，而世界也因此變成一個更和善的地方。
1. (immediately/at once/right now/right away/promptly/instantly 立刻地)
2. struggling: hard-working/diligent/industrious 努力的
3. (is arrested: 被逮捕的)
4. (passes away/passes on/dies 去世; 離世)
5. (n. decisions 決定)
6. leads (: enables)使得 sb. to V原形
7. (In reality: In truth/fact/effect=> Actually) reality 現實
8. (has) made a difference (to sb.) 對(人)產生重大的影響=> 改善
9. (Although or While ..., ...) 雖然...但是...
Plus/Also/Besides/Additionally, ... (除了...還有...)
10. permanently: for good/everlastingly 永久地
11. spreads 擴展 v.
12. (is) invited to 獲得邀請去...地方
13. (isn't) satisfied (V-pp: delighted/pleased; Adj. content) 滿意的 + with 事情
14. with
15. efforts/endeavors/labors
16. (in a ) meaningful (way): 有用的 useful/functional/practical/realistic
17. gay: 同性戀的
18. (is) stabbed (被刺入的)
19. (被刺)不久之後: shortly after (he is stabbed)
20. tragedy 悲劇 n.
<=> comedy 喜劇
DBC
Sep. 16
Over 20 years have passed since Catherine Ryan Hyde
wrote Pay It Forward. It (: The novel) is still one
of the most widely loved young adult books in the US. This is because of
two inspiring ideas within1 the story.
The first of these (two encouraging notions) is that acts of kindness can completely2 (: entirely/totally/wholly/thoroughly) change someone’s life.
Early in the book, Trevor buys (: picks up) food for Jerry, the homeless man. Though (: While/Although) Jerry
is arrested later on, Trevor’s act of kindness has caused a big change in Jerry’s personality3. We see this
later when he (: Jerry) saves a woman from killing herself after he gets out of prison.
The second message4 is that anyone
can achieve5 greatness, not
just the rich and powerful.
Trevor comes from a difficult background (出身艱難). Yet(,) through his determination (透過決心), he is
able to change large parts of society6. The book’s opening pages include (: covers/contains/involves) an important
lesson: “You don’t need much (; a lot/considerably) to change (: alter/switch) the entire (: total/complete/whole) world for the better. You can
start with the most ordinary ingredients.”
自凱薩琳‧雷恩‧海德寫《讓愛傳出去》這本書，時間已經過了20年，而這本書依然是美國最廣受歡迎的青少年小說之一，這是因為故事中有兩個激勵人心的概念。
第一個就是做善事能徹底改變一個人的一生。故事一開頭，特雷弗買食物給那位名為傑瑞的街友，雖然傑瑞之後被逮捕了，特雷弗的善舉卻使得傑瑞的性格有了很大的改變。這點從後面的故事描寫他出獄後拯救一名想要自殺的女子，便能看出。
第二個主題(: message/theme/idea/topic/subject/topic)就是任何人都可以成就偉大的事，不一定要是有錢人或是有權力的人。特雷弗雖然出身艱難，然而透過他的決心，他也能改變社會的許多部分。這本書的一開頭便涵蓋了一個重要的啟示：「要改變世界其實無須憑藉太多，可以從成就最平凡的事為要素開始做起。」
1. A(passed)
2. B (in the United States of America)
3. inspiring/encouraging/exciting 激勵人心的
4. 在... 之內 within <=> without
段2:
5. (The first inspiring idea of the two) A: is
6. completely 完全地 totally/entirely/wholly/thoroughly
7. C (is) arrested被逮捕的
8. personality 個性
9. saves A from B 拯救A免於B
10. prison 監獄: jail
段3:
11. message (: theme) 主題
12. B (achieve 百分之百獲得)
13. powerful: mighty 有權勢的; 有權力的
14. D (comes from 來自於)
15. background (: setting) 背景
16. 決心 determination
(resolution)
17. (society 社會 n. )
18. A (start with ...以...方式開始)
19. ordinary (: common/usual/normal/regular) 普通的
20. ingredients (材料; 成分; 內容物)
ADC
